Vegetable farms have the biggest labour bill in agriculture, and no machine anywhere picks at commercial scale.
Dr Thomas Lines · August 2026
Hands and Heads
Which farm costs AI could actually replace, industry by industry
Machines do physical work; language models do knowledge work. ABARES farm survey data measures both: paid labour runs from 9% of cash costs on grain and beef farms to 31% on vegetable farms, and paid advice from $580 a year on the average beef farm to $10,100 on the average grain farm. Four charts on what that means for each industry, and on why the working machines have arrived where the least labour is.
Read the data